Moods

There are three moods (способи дієслова) in English: The Indicative Mood (дійсний) The Subjunctive Mood (умовний) and the Imperative Mood ( наказовий).

The Indicative Mood represents an action as a real fact in Present, Past and Future Tense. She leaves with her mother. A letter came from them today. I shall go into the garden.

The Subjunctive Mood represents an action not as real fact but as something that would take place under certain conditions, something desirable, necessary or unreal, unrealizable.

Умовний спосіб виражає дію не як реальну, а як таку, що могла б відбутися за певних умов, а також необхідну, бажану або нереальну, нездійсненну. Oh, if I had but come last night.- О, якби я тільки прийшла вчора ввечері.

There are four forms of the Subjunctive Mood in English: The Conditional Mood, The Suppositional Mood, Subjunctive I and Subjunctive II.

The Conditional Mood has two tenses: the Present and the Past.

The Present Conditional is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs should and would and the Indefinite Infinitive of the main verb.

I should/would work. He (she, it, you, they) would work.

The Present Conditional expresses an action which would take place under certain conditions in the present or future. But for the rain we would work in the garden today.- Якби не дощ, ми працювали сьогодні в саду.

The Past Conditional is formed by means of the auxiliary verbs should and would and the Perfect Indefinite of the main verb. I (we) should/would have worked. He ( she, it, you, they) would have worked.

The Past Conditional is used to express an action which would have taken place under certain conditions in the past. She would have bought a watch but the shop was closed.